河北围场早白垩世鲎虫化石性双形现象研究     

包彩凤 《江苏地质》2021,45(2):143-149

对产自河北围场下白垩统九佛堂组的65件鲎虫化石标本进行研究。根据其形态特征,认为这些鲎虫化石属于三角围场鲎虫（Weichangiops triangularisYang et Hong, 1980）。有观点认为,具有上肛板的鲎虫为冷水型鲎虫,而不具上肛板的鲎虫为暖水型鲎虫。河北围场采集的鲎虫化石有的具上肛板,有的不具上肛板,目前没有任何证据表明其为冷水型鲎虫与暖水型鲎虫混生的产物。通过研究,对三角围场鲎虫的特征进行了适当修正,认为围场地区的鲎虫化石具1对复眼,因此依据单个复眼而建立的新亚科——围场鲎虫亚科（Weichangiopsinae）不成立,应予以摒弃。三角围场鲎虫存在明显的性双形现象,雄性个体尾部具有上肛板,雌性个体不具有上肛板,这对于鲎虫化石分类研究具有重要的科学价值,可避免在生物分类时发生同物异名现象。  相似文献   

辽东石庙沟岩体岩石地球化学特征、锆石U-Pb年龄、Hf同位素及其地质意义     

王世成  杨仲杰  杨菊  张璟  孙守亮  刘长纯 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2021,51(2):429-441

辽东石庙沟地区位于华北陆块东部的辽吉造山/活动带上,该带经历了十分复杂的构造演化过程,记录了多期岩浆-构造-变质事件。石庙沟岩体为花岗斑岩,富SiO₂、Na₂O和K₂O,贫CaO、MgO及Al₂O₃,亏损高场强元素（Nb、Ti、Ta、P）,富集大离子亲石元素（K、Rb、Ba、U）,A/CNK值大于1,REE配分曲线呈"海鸥"式分布,以具有显著的负Eu异常为特征,高Ga/Al值,与典型A型花岗岩特征一致。花岗斑岩中锆石的LA-ICP-MS U-Pb测年结果表明其成岩年龄为（123.0±1.6）Ma,为早白垩世。锆石Hf同位素分析表明,ε_Hf（t）值均为负值,介于-15.72~-12.85之间,平均值为-14.14,二阶段模式年龄（T_DM2）在2 164~1 989 Ma之间,平均为2 067 Ma,反映源岩以大陆壳成分为主。结合花岗斑岩高SiO₂,低Mg、Co、Cr、Ni,且富集LREE和LILE,亏损HFSE等特征,表明早白垩世花岗斑岩岩浆应为大陆地壳物质熔融的产物。根据年代学和岩石地球化学研究认为,早白垩世花岗斑岩是古太平洋板块向欧亚大陆板块俯冲所形成的活动大陆边缘弧花岗岩。研究区早白垩世花岗斑岩的形成主要受太平洋构造域的影响,形成环境受板块俯冲造山后伸展作用和下地壳拆沉作用的联合制约,是辽东地区岩石圈减薄的直接证据。  相似文献   

Integration of zircon and apatite U–Pb geochronology and geochemical mapping of the Wude basalts(Emeishan large igneous province):A tool for a better understanding of the tectonothermal and geodynamic evolution of the Emeishan LIP     

Jia-Nan Fu  Franco Pirajno  Fan Yang  Espine Shivute  Yi-Zhan Sun  Ning Ai  Kun-Feng Qiu 《地学前缘(英文版)》2021,12(2):573-585

Radiogenic isotopic dating and Lu–Hf isotopic composition using laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry(LA-ICP-MS)of the Wude basalt in Yunnan province from the Emeishan large igneous province(ELIP)yielded timing of formation and post-eruption tectonothermal event.Holistic lithogeochemistry and elements mapping of basaltic rocks were further reevaluated to provide insights into crustal contamination and formation of the ELIP.A zircon U–Pb age of 251.3±2.0 Ma of the Wude basalt recorded the youngest volcanic eruption event and was consistent with the age span of 251-263 Ma for the emplacement of the ELIP.Such zircons hadε_Hf(t)values ranging from7.3 to+2.2,identical to those of magmatic zircons from the intrusive rocks of the ELIP,suggesting that crust-mantle interaction occurred during magmatic emplacement,or crust-mantle mixing existed in the deep source region prior to deep melting.The apatite U–Pb age at 53.6±3.4 Ma recorded an early Eocene magmatic superimposition of a regional tectonothermal event,corresponding to the Indian–Eurasian plate collision.Negative Nb,Ta,Ti and P anomalies of the Emeishan basalt may reflect crustal contamination.The uneven Nb/La and Th/Ta values distribution throughout the ELIP supported a mantle plume model origin.Therefore,the ELIP was formed as a result of a mantle plume which was later superimposed by a regional tectonothermal event attributed to the Indian–Eurasian plate collision during early Eocene.  相似文献   

Early Cretaceous deformation in the southern Tashkorgan region: Implications for the tectonic evolution of the northeastern Pamir     

《China Geology》2021,4(1):67-76

The Pamir Plateau comprises a series of crustal fragments that successively accreted to the Eurasian margin preceded the India-Asia collision, is an ideal place to study the Mesozoic tectonics. The authors investigate the southern Tashkorgan area, northeastern Pamir Plateau, where Mesozoic metamorphic and igneous rocks are exposed. New structural and biotite ⁴⁰Ar-³⁹Ar age data are presented. Two stages of intense deformation in the metamorphic rocks are identified, which are unconformably covered by the Early Cretaceous sediment. Two high-grade metamorphic rocks yielding 128.4 ± 0.8 Ma and 144.5 ± 0.9 Ma ⁴⁰Ar-³⁹Ar ages indicate that the samples experienced an Early Cretaceous cooling event. Combined with previous studies, it is proposed that the Early Cretaceous tectonic records in the southern Tashkorgan region are associated with Andean-style orogenesis. They are the results of the flat/low-angle subduction of the Neotethyan oceanic lithosphere.©2021 China Geology Editorial Office.  相似文献   

Early Eocene leucocratic sill/dike swarms in the Gangdese belt,southern Tibet: Tectonic implications for Indo-Asian collision     

《China Geology》2021,4(1):56-66

The timing of the initial Indo-Asian collision is a subject of debate for a long time. Besides, the magmatic trace of the collisional process is also unclear. In the present study, the authors report Early Eocene leucocratic sill/dike swarms in the northern edge of the Nymo intrusive complex of the Gangdese belt, southern Tibet. The Nymo intrusive complex was emplaced at ca. 50 –47 Ma and surrounded by the metamorphosed Jurassic-aged Bima Formation volcano-sedimentary sequence along its northern side. At outcrops, the leucocratic sills/dikes intruded along or truncated the deformed foliations of the host Bima Formation, which has been subject to high-temperature amphibolite-facies metamorphism at ca. 50 –47 Ma. Detailed cathodoluminescence image analyses reveal that the zircon grains of the leucocratic sills/dikes have core-mantle textures. The cores yield the Jurassic ages comparable to the protolith ages of the Bima Formation. In contrast, the mantles of zircon grains yield weighted mean ages of ca. 49–47 Ma, representing the crystallization timing of these leucocratic sills/dikes. The coeval ages for the Nymo intrusive complex, the high-temperature metamorphism, and the leucocratic sills/dikes indicate that a close relationship exists among them. The authors tentatively suggest that these leucocratic sills/dikes were generated from partial melting of the Jurassic-aged Bima Formation volcanic rocks, triggered by the high heat from the magma chamber of the Nymo intrusive complex. This Early Eocene tectono-thermal event of coeval magmatism, metamorphism and partial melting was most likely formed during the Indo-Asian collisional setting.©2021 China Geology Editorial Office.  相似文献   

Discovery and significance of the Misimiao ophiolite in Xi U jimqin Banner,Inner MongoliaSCIEI北大核心CSCD     

李英杰  王金芳  董培培  李红阳  张夏炜  王帅 《岩石学报》2023,(5):1305-1321

内蒙古西乌旗新发现的米斯庙蛇绿岩,位于中亚造山带东段迪彦庙SSZ型蛇绿岩带的西延米斯庙一带。大比例尺填图结果显示,米斯庙蛇绿岩呈NEE向展布,宽约5km,长约20km,蛇绿岩各单元出露较齐全,岩性主要为蛇纹石化方辉橄榄岩、暗色均质辉长岩、浅色均质辉长岩、斜长岩、枕状前弧玄武岩(fore-arc basalt,FAB)、枕状过渡熔岩和泥质硅质岩,局部见斜长花岗岩侵入于玄武岩之中,其岩性组合和岩石序列可与代表洋内初始俯冲的迪彦庙前弧蛇绿岩相对比。该米斯庙蛇绿岩岩石序列中辉长岩锆石U-Pb年龄为336.5±3Ma,与东部迪彦庙蛇绿岩的辉长岩同期。米斯庙FAB主要发育无斑结构和少斑结构,基质为球颗结构,枕状构造;枕状过渡熔岩,发育斑状结构,比FAB具有更多的斜长石斑晶。米斯庙FAB地球化学成分与大洋中脊形成的强亏损玄武岩相似,但与N-MORB相比,高场强元素(HFSE)Nb和Ta等含量略低于N-MORB,与弧拉斑玄武岩相似;与米斯庙FAB相比,米斯庙枕状过渡熔岩的地球化学特征是更加亏损Ti、HREE和HFSE,指示大洋板片的渐进性俯冲,类似于IBM前弧的演化。米斯庙蛇绿岩与迪彦庙前弧蛇绿岩均发育类似于马里亚纳前弧的FAB序列,两者延伸长度可达40km,表明在古亚洲洋东段早石炭世沿迪彦庙-米斯庙一带发育洋内初始俯冲,记录了早石炭世古亚洲洋东部洋内初始俯冲事件。  相似文献   

Mantle metasomatism and generation of Early Permian ultramafic rocks in northern North China CratonSCIEI北大核心CSCD     

王志伟  孙瑜欣  朱泰昌  徐引  刘剑波  张立剑  李灿清  耿晓磊 《岩石学报》2023,(5):1387-1404

华北克拉通北部高寺台晚古生代环状杂岩体是一套富单斜辉石的超镁铁质岩,是研究华北北部地幔碳酸盐化熔体交代作用的理想对象,同时也是华北克拉通北部晚古生代岩浆活动与深部碳循环联系的纽带。作者在岩体西部边缘识别出一套早二叠世早期富铁角闪单斜辉石岩,形成时代为297.8±3.4Ma。结合岩体东部辉石岩早泥盆世和早石炭世的成岩年龄,表明高寺台超镁铁质杂岩体可能是晚古生代多期岩浆侵位的产物。其次,高寺台环状超镁铁质杂岩体缺少大面积辉长岩和闪长岩、硫化物和Cu-Ni-PGE矿化,单斜辉石成分具有裂谷带堆晶岩矿物特征,角闪石也具有相对低的结晶温度(933~947℃)和压力(287~323MPa)及水含量(4.06%~5.10%),而且区域上尚未发现同期环状杂岩体和蛇绿岩,与岛弧拼贴到陆块后沿俯冲带延伸数万米侵位的阿拉斯加型环状杂岩体明显不同。另外,前人的研究显示,与铬铁矿中富镁单斜辉石包裹体平衡的苦橄质母岩浆显示出OIB的特征,具有强烈的重稀土分馏、富Nb和高Nb/La,异常高的Ca/Al和(La/Yb)N,低的Ti/Eu、Zr/Sm和Hf/Sm,这些特征都表明苦橄质母岩浆起源于石榴石相软流圈地幔,且源区遭受过显著的碳酸盐熔体交代。单斜辉石岩中单斜辉石及角闪石成分及其平衡岩浆成分记录了母岩浆与岩石圈地幔相互作用后的岩浆演化过程,也显示出比母岩浆弱的源区碳酸盐熔体交代印记。此外,岩浆房在地壳浅部经历了多期深部岩浆补给和富铁熔体贯入,同时带来热量和挥发分,触发晶粥体活化,促进了岩浆的上升运移。高寺台环状超镁铁质杂岩体具有板内成因特征,可能是陆内岩石圈伸展的产物。华北克拉通北部晚石炭世-早二叠世三个岩浆事件峰期很好地对应着全球三次升温和CO_(2)回升事件,岩石圈伸展能有效促进强烈的中酸性岩浆活动及起源于碳酸盐化地幔的基性岩浆释放出大量的CO_(2),它们可能是晚石炭末期-早二叠世早期全球大气CO_(2)回升的贡献者之一。  相似文献   

Cambrian-Early Ordovician intrusive bodies in Dunhuang Block: Records of Paleo-Asian Ocean subduction and implications for regional Early Paleozoic tectonic evolutionSCIEI北大核心CSCD     

康磊  王涛  李天虎  计文化  王杰  董浩强  张玉  张超 《岩石学报》2023,(3):823-844

一直以来,敦煌地块缺少1.6-0.46Ga的地质记录,从而严重制约了对该地块在新元古代和早古生代期间地质构造演化的全面认识。通过1:5万区域地质调查,本次工作在敦煌地块东北缘新发现了寒武纪-早奥陶世小宛山岩体、截山子岩体和小宛南岩体等多个中酸性侵入体,测得其LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄分别为517±3Ma、480±3Ma和473±3Ma,由此厘定出敦煌地块目前古生代最古老的侵入岩体及早奥陶世侵入岩体。通过这些岩体的岩石岩相学、岩石地球化学特征、岩石成因及大地构造环境分析,表明它们属于与洋壳俯冲消减作用有关的活动陆缘环境下形成的富钠质I型花岗岩。其中,小宛山花岗闪长质岩体是在低压低温条件下由玄武质地幔楔部分熔融而成,同时受到俯冲流体的强烈交代;截山子岩体和小宛南岩体则是在高压低温富水条件下,由新生镁铁质洋壳发生部分熔融并受到地幔楔强烈混染而形成,虽然它们均属于(类)O型埃达克岩,但其部分熔融的压力及其残留矿物组合不同。上述研究揭示敦煌地块北缘早古生代517Ma就存在俯冲作用,且至少持续了44Myr。结合区域地质资料和以往研究成果,敦煌地块北缘早古生代洋陆转换过程可分为三个阶段:(1)晚震旦世-早寒武世(574-518Ma),敦煌地块北缘被动陆缘演化阶段;(2)寒武纪第二世-早奥陶世(517-471Ma),敦煌地块北缘活动陆缘演化阶段,期间,古亚洲洋南支洋分别向敦煌地块和石板山地块/马鬃山地块发生双向俯冲消减;(3)中奥陶世-早泥盆世(464-412Ma),敦煌地块与石板山地块/马鬃山地块碰撞造山阶段,期间古亚洲洋南支洋闭合。  相似文献   

大兴安岭北段喀喇其花岗斑岩体地球化学特征、锆石U-Pb年龄及构造背景          下载免费PDF全文

洪文武 《地质找矿论丛》2023,38(2):209-214

本文对大兴安岭北部喀喇其花岗斑岩体进行了岩石学、地球化学及锆石U-Pb年代学的研究,探讨了其形成的构造背景。结果表明:喀喇其花岗斑岩体锆石U-Pb年龄为132 Ma±1 Ma,表明其形成时代应为早白垩世晚期;岩石具有高钾钙碱性系列,过铝质特征;稀土元素属于轻稀土富集型,分布模式为右倾、左陡右平型式,具有较明显的Eu负异常特征。认为该花岗岩为铝质A型花岗岩,属于地壳岩石部分熔融的产物;该期岩浆侵位活动受蒙古—鄂霍茨克构造体系影响,形成于后造山大陆弧或后碰撞弧环境。  相似文献   

Long-term performance evaluation of zero-valent iron amended permeable reactive barriers for groundwater remediation – A mechanistic approach     

《地学前缘(英文版)》2023,14(2):101494

Permeable reactive barriers (PRBs) are used for groundwater remediation at contaminated sites worldwide. This technology has been efficient at appropriate sites for treating organic and inorganic contaminants using zero-valent iron (ZVI) as a reductant and as a reactive material. Continued development of the technology over the years suggests that a robust understanding of PRB performance and the mechanisms involved is still lacking. Conflicting information in the scientific literature downplays the critical role of ZVI corrosion in the remediation of various organic and inorganic pollutants. Additionally, there is a lack of information on how different mechanisms act in tandem to affect ZVI-groundwater systems through time. In this review paper, we describe the underlying mechanisms of PRB performance and remove isolated misconceptions. We discuss the primary mechanisms of ZVI transformation and aging in PRBs and the role of iron corrosion products. We review numerous sites to reinforce our understanding of the interactions between groundwater contaminants and ZVI and the authigenic minerals that form within PRBs. Our findings show that ZVI corrosion products and mineral precipitates play critical roles in the long-term performance of PRBs by influencing the reactivity of ZVI. Pore occlusion by mineral precipitates occurs at the influent side of PRBs and is enhanced by dissolved oxygen and groundwater rich in dissolved solids and high alkalinity, which negatively impacts hydraulic conductivity, allowing contaminants to potentially bypass the treatment zone. Further development of site characterization tools and models is needed to support effective PRB designs for groundwater remediation.  相似文献